Source: Xinhua

01-14-2009 16:05

WASHINGTON, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with potentially harmful changes in both maternal and fetal thyroid function, according to a new study published Tuesday.

"We studied the influence of cigarette smoking on thyroid function of two groups of women at different stages of pregnancy -- one in the first trimester and the other in the third trimester," Dr. Bijay Vaidya, coauthor of the study, said in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. "In both groups we found that smoking during pregnancy is associated with changes in the mothers' thyroid hormone levels."

Optimal maternal thyroid function during pregnancy is vital for a successful outcome, Vaidya said. Adverse outcomes associated with thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy include increased risk of miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight and impaired neuropsychological development of the baby.

Vaidya and his colleagues at the Peninsula Medical School at Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital in the United Kingdom also measured thyroid hormone levels in the umbilical cords of babies born to smoking mothers and found that smoking-related changes in thyroid function extended to the fetus. Vaidya believes that impaired thyroid function in the fetus could have potentially harmful biological consequences.

The study also found that in mothers who stopped smoking during pregnancy, their thyroid hormone levels were comparable to those found in non-smokers, which suggests that changes in thyroid function are rapidly reversible.

There is currently no definitive explanation for how smoking affects thyroid function, but Vaidya suggested that smoking may influence thyroid hormone levels by affecting the enzyme that converts the active form of thyroid hormone to an inactive form.

 

Editor:Zhao Yanchen